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Vithaldas Samaldas chief minister of Bhavnagar state during 1884-1899 5. No gimmicks, no credit card ever needed. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill -.

The island is under ownership of decedent of royals of Bhavnagar, Siddhrajsinh Raol. This was the time when Qibla direction to be faced while offering namaaz, of the Muslims was Baitul Mukaddas Jerusalem instead dating bhavnagar Hiroshima. The International Journal of Nautical Archaeology 2010 39. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Census Commission of India. Later it was recovered somewhat under British rule and became part of followed by in 1924.

When taken in 1591 by , one of 's viceroys, Ghogha was a large, well-built port with many merchants and ships, the cargoes of which went in small boats to Cambay. These stone anchors are found either partially buried or exposed on the gravel bed.

Top Rated Personals - Due to this reason Gogha had been several times attacked and captured by local rulers like Gohel Rajputs and Muslims during the medieval period Bell, 1980:73. In the struggles for mastery at sea between the Gujarat kings and the Portuguese 1507-1538 , Ghogha suffered.

According to the historical account, Arabs had established their colony at Gogha in the year 636 AD. The presence of ancient Jaina temples at Gogha dating back to the 10th -11th centuries suggest that this was a religious center also. The earliest Arabic inscription from Gogha dates to 1170 AD. During the British period ships up to 1500 tons were laden here. Pinkerton 1811 mentions that Gogha provided a harbour for the largest ships though they would lie dry on mud at low water. Gogha served as a port for , cargo being conveyed on small boats from Cambay to Gogha to be loaded on ships, the cargo unloaded from ships at Gogha being similarly transported to Cambay. Cambay was really open only to very small vessels, e. The port of Gogha has been active since the 5th century AD and flourished as a major trading post during the 10th to 16th century AD before Bhavnagar took the place of Gogha as trading center. Being located at strategic position in the Gulf, Gogha has always been subject of an important trading center. Due to this reason Gogha had been several times attacked and captured by local rulers like Gohel Rajputs and Muslims during the medieval period Bell, 1980:73. Stone anchors have been found from several locations along the Indian coast particularly from early the Medieval period ports such as Gaur et al. Ghogha was known as the port of Gundigar during rule of AD 480-720. Under rule 746-1297 , except as a nursery for seamen, Ghogha was not a place of any note. One of the earliest mentions of the town is by French explorer , who, in 1321, passing north through and or as he writes it Parocco, stayed at 'Gogo'. Of the place he has left no details. At this time Ghogha is said to have been in the hands of Muslim soldiers of fortune, from whom, a few years later 1325 , , the Gohil chief of , took it and with the made it his headquarters. As ruler of Piram, Mokhadaji levied toll from all ships passing up the Gulf. His exactions came to the knowledge of the emperor 1325-1351 , then quelling a revolt in Gujarat, and, in 1347, Gogha was taken, Mokhadaji killed, and the Piram fort destroyed. The Emperor, satisfied with the destruction of Piram, left Gogha, at this time 'a great city with large markets,' in the hands of Dungarji, Mokhadaji's son. For about fifty years the Gohils held Ghogha. Near the close of the century 1390 they were forced to pay tribute to Muzaffar Shah I, the founder of the. In the fifteenth century, under the powerful Gujarat Sultanate rulers, the Gohils, though they kept their title of Ghogha chiefs, retired to Umrala. At this time Ghogha was probably under a Muslim governor. At the beginning of the sixteenth century 1503 it was entirely a Muslim town 'of great traffic in a fat and wealthy land. In the struggles for mastery at sea between the Gujarat kings and the Portuguese 1507-1538 , Ghogha suffered. A strong and populous place of great trade surrounded by walls of brown stone, it was attacked and burnt by the , and again, as it was beginning to recover,. Towards the close of the sixteenth century with the decay of Portuguese power, Ghogha seems to have regained its trade. When taken in 1591 by , one of 's viceroys, Ghogha was a large, well-built port with many merchants and ships, the cargoes of which went in small boats to Cambay. It was reckoned part of and, besides port dues, yielded a yearly revenue of £1666 666,560 dams. In 1612, on the advice of Khojah Nasar the Surat Governor, who praised its fine harbour and its trade with Cambay, the English gained leave to settle at Gogha. But the agent, Whittington, found it a poor town and no regular English factory was established. Two years later 1614 , the Portuguese a third time destroyed Gogha, burning 120 trading boats and several ships, one of them the Rahimi, the great 1500 ton pilgrim ship. Following decline of Portuguese, the English were chief traders of the sea. With the Dutch, by raising to be the chief port of Gujarat, the English injured the trade of the Cambay ports. Still during the seventeenth and for a few years of the eighteenth centuries, Gogha was the centre of a considerable traffic. The Portuguese boats met in its road and were convoyed to Goa by warships; and vessels belonging to the native merchants of Ahmedabad and Cambay sailed from Ghogha to south India and Arabia. Protected on the sea face by a stone fortification, and later on sheltered all round by a mud wall, with a local governor and a military force, Ghogha had a large number of traders, weavers, and sailors. Ghogha marked as Gogo in map of Ahmedabad district under Bombay Presidency, British India 1877 The eighteenth century was a time of decay. Trade fell off, and Ghogha, handed from one Muslim noble to another 1730-1751 , taken by the 1751-1755 , recovered by the Nawab of Cambay 1755 , and again 1764 taken by the Peshwa, was, under his managers, little able to compete with its pushing rival Bhavnagar. In 1803, when it came under , the trade of Ghogha was almost gone. Later it was recovered somewhat under British rule and became part of followed by in 1924. When India became independent in 1947, it became part of in which was later merged with in 1960. Gogha was the important port town during the medieval period and played as transit port between the ports of the upper part of the Gulf of Khambhat and rest of the ports along the Indian Ocean Countries. The discovery of various types of anchors suggests that boats of different origin visited Gogha port. The most important find is an anchor with wide groove on the all four section is probably of the Chinese origin. For the first time glazed ware has been found associated with the stone anchors suggest that these may be dated between the 10th and the 16th century AD. Such a large number of stone anchors in inter tidal zone suggest the correct description provided in the Periplus of the Erythrenean Sea. The stone anchors have been noticed close to the present lighthouse in inter tidal zone. Being in the high tidal range, the stone anchors that are lying in 5 to 10 m water depth during high tide get exposed during low tide. These stone anchors are found either partially buried or exposed on the gravel bed. The seabed at the finding spot of the anchor consisted of gravel and fine sand. The majority of the anchors are of Indo-Arabia type and one stone anchor falls in the category of composite type. Two anchors in the group of Indo-Arab type are having uniform vertical deep and wide groove on all the four faces of the anchor. The broken single composite anchor is made of a thin limestone block with two lower holes are square and two circular holes are placed randomly on upper side. The detail measurements and drawing could be completed just of 14 anchors due to tidal time and muddy seabed and hence rest anchors were only photographed. Many stone anchors are fragmented in nature. Majority of the anchors are parted with lower 2 holes and sometimes holes also broken which might have been broken during manufacturing stage. The raw material used for these anchors are hard basaltic, sedimentary and a few of conglomeratic material. A fragmentary anchor is the biggest anchor found from here. Only lower portion is surviving and is very similar to those reported from Mithi Virdi. There is a stone block without any holes noticed similar to the Indo-Arabia type anchor. The first Arab traders landed at Ghogha around the early seventh century and built a masjid here. This was the time when Qibla direction to be faced while offering namaaz, of the Muslims was Baitul Mukaddas Jerusalem instead of Mecca. For a brief period of 16 to 17 months, between 622 and 624 A. Its 1500 years old. This ancient masjid, locally known as the Baarwaada Masjid or Juni Old Masjid, was built during this period and is one of the oldest mosque in India. Later, Muhammed received Wahi Revelation commanding him to change the orientation point from Jerusalem in the north to Mecca in the south. This mosque, therefore, predates all the other mosque in India whose mehrab face Mecca. It also bears the oldest Arabic inscriptions in India. The masjid falls under the care of Barwaada Jammat. The stone containing this inscription is raised under an Ambli tree grown on the side of the way leading to the shrine of Piranpir on the sea-beach at Gogha, a British port in the Gulf of Cambay on the east coast of Kathiavad. It contains five lines written in Arabic characters. The stone is the common sand-stone, but well preserved. There is no god but God ; Mahomed is the prophet of God. Every creature which lives on the earth is subject to decay ; but the glorious and honourable countenance of thy Lord shall remain for ever. Baba Taju-ud-din, son of Badr-ud-din, honoured by men ; fortunate, martyred,the oppressed, forgiven by God , migrated from this house of destruction to that of eternity, in the month of Rabi-ul-akhir A. The shrine of Hazrat Pir in which this inscription is found is situated on the seaside at Ghogha, a British port on the eastern coast of Kathiavad. It is cut into a white soft stone and has eight lines of Persian mixed with Arabic. It refers to the building of a mosque by a Tandel the head officer in a ship named Bapuji in the year A. Mahomed Sliah, the conqueror of the world, the favourite of fortune, the king of the world, the Khalif of God ; may God perpetuate his kingdom and nile! The stone in which this inscription is cut is built up in the wall of the Idagah,in a suburb at the town of Gogha, called Mosampura. It is a white stone containing nine lines of mixed Persian and Arabic composition, of which several letters are clear enough to make them out. It mentions the building of the Idagah bv one Kamal Hamid in the time of 2iafar Khan in A. And when we ap-pointed the holy house of iMukkah to be a place of resort for inankind and a place of security, and said take the station of Abraham for a place of prayer. In the time of the refuge of the great sun of the world and religion, the refuge of victory, the Sultan and the great Khan, viz. Kamal Hamid, pilgrim of Mecca and Medina, slave, hoping for the mercy of God, made this place of worship for the faithful. May God bless him who comes here! Dated the 15th of Rajab, A. May the peace and blessing of God be on him. This stone is raised near the mosque built near the house of one Dada MuUa on the way leading to the Gundi Gate at Gogha. The inscription appears to have been in Persian, as, with the exception of a few words, the whole of it has become undecipherable. There are in all nine hnes. It is dated A. As many of the letters cannot be deciphered it is difficult to find out what it contains. In the same line a name is distinctly read, which is Khan Anaj Mulamakan, A. In the time of Mughal period Ghogha Port was under the Emperor Akbar 14 October 1542 — 27 October 1605. In AÍN I AKBARI Part II ABUL FAZL ALLÁMI wrote that Mughal Empire got Revenue from Ghogah, Gogo exclusive port 666,560 Dáms. The latter is a large city where merchants of divers kinds reside and wherein are fine buildings and much merchandise. Vessels sail from and trade to Ghogah. Though in ruins, it deserves restoration. It is in great veneration with the Jains. The port of Ghogah Gogo is a dependency of this district. The island of Biram Perim was formerly the residence of the governor; it is 9 kos square and is a low rocky island in the midst of the sea. The Zamíndár is of the Gohel tribe. This district possesses 2,000 horse and 4,000 foot ghogha has given a great contribution in progress of Bhavnagar State. Many Nagar from vadnagar moved to Ghogha,an ancient port on the Gulf of Combay khanbhat in the Dhandhuka Taluka of Ahmadabad about ten miles from Bhavnagar. It was a busy port on the western coast of India from which sailing goods far and wide across the Indian Ocean to Africa and the Parsian Gulf. The samaldas family had an unbroken connection with the Bhavnagar state for nearly hundred years. Gaganvihari Lallubhai Mehta 1900—1974 was the ambassador of India to the United States from 1952 to 1958. He was awarded the Padma Bhushan in 1954 and the Padma Vibhushan in 1959. His forefathers are also from Ghogha Ghogha's Nagar Served and Developed Bhavnagar as and when as under. Parmananddas Ranchhoddas chief minister of Bhavnagar state during 1806-1817 2. Gaurishanka Udayshankar Oza 1805—1891 also known as Gaga Oza was chief minister of Bhavnagar state, India from 1850 to 1879. He was very well known and well respected for his keen statesmanship. Samaldas Parmananddas served as chief minister of Bhavnagar state during 1879-1884 4. Vithaldas Samaldas chief minister of Bhavnagar state during 1884-1899 5. Vajeshankar Gaurishankar chief minister of Bhavnagar state during 1899-1902. Census Commission of India. Archived from on 2004-06-16. Mehboob Desai, Ups and Downs of Ghogha: As a Port Town,unpublished research paper,p. Gaur,Gogha: An Indo-Arab Trading Post in the Gulf of Khambhat Cambay , India. The International Journal of Nautical Archaeology 2010 39. The Maharaja Takitisihghji ,India State , Antiquarian Dept, Bhavnagar State, India ,1839, p. Retrieved 18 May 2011. Ashok Kumar Mittal,New Delhi,2001,P. Mehta: A Many Splendoured Man by his daughter, Dr. Aparna Basu Concept Publishing, 2001.